Cite this page: Manfred Red Sox sign-stealing decision (Apr 22, 2020)

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Primary citation: Decision and Findings of the Commissioner in the Red Sox Investigation, dated April 22, 2020 (Manfred, Commissioner). Issued under MLB Regulation 1-1.

Per archive standards, citations are emitted only from fields that are actually populated in the metadata. Styles that require data not on file are omitted rather than synthesized.

Chicago (notes-bibliography)

Robert D. Manfred, Jr., J.T. Watkins, Alex Cora, Boston Red Sox, and MLB Department of Investigations (interviewed 65 witnesses including 34 current and former Red Sox players). 2020. "Decision and Findings of the Commissioner in the Red Sox Investigation (April 22, 2020) — Disciplining J.T. Watkins for 2018 replay-room conduct, forfeiting the Red Sox 2020 2nd-round draft pick, with separate findings on Alex Cora's 2017 Astros conduct." Major League Baseball, Office of the Commissioner. https://img.mlbstatic.com/mlb-images/image/upload/mlb/scn5xwigcottcbte7siw.pdf (accessed 2026-05-19).

BibTeX

@misc{2020-04-22_decision_manfred-red-sox-sign-stealing,
  title = {Decision and Findings of the Commissioner in the Red Sox Investigation (April 22, 2020) — Disciplining J.T. Watkins for 2018 replay-room conduct, forfeiting the Red Sox 2020 2nd-round draft pick, with separate findings on Alex Cora's 2017 Astros conduct},
  year = {2020},
  author = {Robert D. Manfred, Jr., J.T. Watkins, Alex Cora, Boston Red Sox, and MLB Department of Investigations (interviewed 65 witnesses including 34 current and former Red Sox players)},
  url = {https://img.mlbstatic.com/mlb-images/image/upload/mlb/scn5xwigcottcbte7siw.pdf},
  urldate = {2026-05-19},
  note = {SHA256: ff9a1a34b4bca55833c682078775f8684974427d87bb23ccbebbc2469404ab6e}
}

Archive citation

Baseball Documents Archive, "Manfred Red Sox sign-stealing decision (Apr 22, 2020)", slug 2020-04-22_decision_manfred-red-sox-sign-stealing, SHA256 ff9a1a34b4bc…, retrieved 2026-05-19.

Cite this archived version

Decision and Findings of the Commissioner in the Red Sox Investigation, dated April 22, 2020 (Manfred, Commissioner). Issued under MLB Regulation 1-1.. Baseball Documents Archive, slug 2020-04-22_decision_manfred-red-sox-sign-stealing, SHA256 ff9a1a34b4bc…. retrieved 2026-05-19; from https://img.mlbstatic.com/mlb-images/image/upload/mlb/scn5xwigcottcbte7siw.pdf.

Notes on citation

  • The Bluebook entry is included only when the metadata file carries a hand-written citation.bluebook value. The archive does not synthesize Bluebook citations from parts (style is too sensitive to nuance to fabricate).
  • The Chicago entry is composed from the parties, title, year, publisher, and retrieval date — fields all derived from the metadata file.
  • The BibTeX entry uses the document slug as its key. The SHA256 of the on-disk file is included in the note field for fingerprint-level verification.
  • The Archive citation identifies the canonical copy in this archive, with truncated SHA256 and retrieval date.
  • The Cite this archived version entry pins the bit-exact copy AND its Wayback snapshot: a downstream paper using it can verify the bytes by SHA256 and survive future link rot of the primary URL. Composed entirely from populated metadata fields; absent fields are dropped rather than synthesized.